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to more efficiently harness wasted heat

Thermoelectric materials offer the potential to harness electricity from otherwise wasted heat. Continuing research in the field could yield applications scavenging energy from vehicle exhaust systems, industrial processes and equipment, and even sunlight. Now researchers have created a material with a higher energy conversion efficiency that could make such systems more feasible.

Researchers at Northwestern University created the new material by dispersing nanocrystals of rock salt (SrTe) into lead telluride (PbTe). While this kind of nanoscale inclusion in bulk material had previously been shown to improve the energy conversion efficiency of lead telluride, it also increased the scattering of electrons, which reduced the material’s overall conductivity. The Northwestern team’s study offers the first example of using nanostructures in lead telluride to reduce electron scattering and increase the energy conversion efficiency of the material. The researchers say the resultant material is expected to enable 14 percent of waste heat to electricity.

“It has been known for 100 years that semiconductors have this property that can harness electricity,” said Mercouri Kanatzidis, the Charles E. and Emma H. Morrison Professor of Chemistry in The Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences. “To make this an efficient process, all you need is the right material, and we have found a recipe or system to make this material.”

Vinayak Dravid, professor of materials science and engineering at Northwestern’s McCormick School of Engineering and Applied Science adds, “we can put this material inside of an inexpensive device with a few electrical wires and attach it to something like a light bulb. The device can make the light bulb more efficient by taking the heat it generates and converting part of the heat, 10 to 15 percent, into a more useful energy like electricity.”

Kanatzidis says any industry that uses heat to make products, such as the automotive, chemical, brick and glass industries, could use the material to make their system more efficient. But maybe the researchers aren’t thinking big enough. An estimated 90 percent of the world’s electricity is generated by heat energy that typically operates at 30 to 40 percent efficiency, losing roughly 15 terawatts of power in the form of heat to the environment. Harnessing 10 to 15 percent of this currently wasted heat energy would translate to a substantial amount of electricity.

The results of the Northwestern University team’s study are published in the journal Nature Chemistry.

Sourced & published by Henry Sapiecha

COSTA MESA, Calif. (UPI) — Home furnishings giant Ikea says it will light one of its Southern California stores using solar panels if the city of Costa Mesa, Calif., approves.

Khanh Nguyen, a Costa Mesa building official , said the Swedish chain applied last week for a permit with the city to install solar panels on the roof of its South Coast Drive store, the Costa Mesa Daily Pilot reported.

The 1,120 panels the store says it will need to install are expected to generate 250 kilowatts, enough to light up 2,500 regular light bulbs, said Nguyen.

The company will be installing the panels at seven of its eight stores in California and at one warehouse, Ikea spokesman Joseph Roth said.

“We’ve been following solar energy technology as it’s been advancing, and now we concluded that it’s definitely feasible for us to efficiently and effectively implement the solar-energy programs at certain stores,” he said.

“It’s a very significant investment,” Roth said. “But we have concluded that it’s definitely very cost-effective for us from a financial standpoint and it reinforces our commitment to the environment.”

Once approved, Ikea’s solar panels will be Costa Mesa’s largest commercial photovoltaic rooftop power generation system, Nguyen said.

“The city has always been on the green side,” Nguyen said. “We want residents to save energy. We want residents to use renewable energy as much as possible. It’s clean energy.”

Copyright 2011 by United Press International

Sourced & published by Henry Sapiecha

shows warming world

January 21, 2011 – 2:12PM

Last year tied for the hottest year on record, confirming a long-term warming trend which will continue unless greenhouse gas emissions are cut, the World Meteorological Organisation says.

The first 10 years of the millennium proved to be the hottest decade since records began in the 19th century, it said.

“The main signal is that the warming trend continues and is being strengthened year after year,” WMO Secretary-General Michel Jarraud told a news conference on Thursday.

“The trend, unfortunately, will continue for a number of years but the amplitude will depend on the amount of greenhouse gases released,” the Frenchman added. “It will depend on action taken to minimise the release of greenhouse gases.”

Mr Jarraud said the latest data should convince doubters about the growing evidence for man-made climate change.

“If they look at it in an unbiased way, it should convince them, or hopefully a few of them, that the sceptical position is untenable.”

2010 was also marked by further melting of Arctic ice – in December its extent was at its lowest on record, the WMO said – and by extreme weather, including Russia’s heatwave and devastating floods in Pakistan.

Rising temperatures, already about 0.8 degree Celsius above pre-industrial times, mean the world will struggle to limit warming to below 2 degrees Celsius, a target agreed by almost 200 nations at UN talks in Mexico last month.

Many experts see 2 degrees as a threshold for dangerous climate change, such as more heatwaves, droughts, floods and rising seas.

“We have to act very fast and strongly [to limit emissions],” said Bob Ward, of the Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and Environment at the London School of Economics and Political Science.

He noted that many sceptics say global warming has stopped because of no new records since 1998, when temperatures were boosted by a strong El Nino event that warms the Pacific.

“But they cannot explain away the fact that nine of the 10 warmest years have occurred since 2000,” he said.

“Data received by the WMO show no statistically significant difference between global temperatures in 2010, 2005 and 1998,” the United Nations body, which compiles its ranking from data provided by British and US agencies, said in a statement.

Data from British institutes on Wednesday showed last year was the world’s second warmest behind 1998, while the other two main groups tracking global warming, based in the United States, said 2010 was tied for the hottest on record.

Over the 10 years from 2001 to 2010, global temperatures have averaged 0.45 degrees Celsius above the 1961-1990 average and are the highest ever recorded for a 10-year period since climate records began, WMO said.

The difference between the three hottest years was less than the margin of uncertainty in comparing the data, according to WMO, whose assessment is based on climate data from land-based weather and climate stations, ships, buoys and satellites.

The fight against global warming suffered a setback in the wake of the financial crisis, slowing funding for renewable energy projects and knocking momentum from international efforts to agree on a climate deal to succeed the Kyoto Protocol in 2013.

Reuters

Sourced & published by Henry Sapiecha

New York-based Beautiful Earth Group has launched a solar-powered electric vehicle charging station in Red Hook, Brooklyn, which is powered entirely by a 235W photovoltaic system. The off-grid modular station is constructed of recycled shipping containers and can charge a range of plug-in electric vehicles including the BMW Mini E, which has a range of 100 miles and takes about 3 hours to charge.

What a great idea. Ther is more to come yet with innovation

Sourced and published by Henry Sapiecha 5th May 2010

Offshore

Together with three different partners Electrawinds founded the company Eldepasco for the construction of a windmill farm at sea. The 36 turbines will be built on the Bank Zonder Naam sandbank, located some 40km off the coast. These mills will produce approximately 735 GWh and thus annually provide green power to approximately 210,000 families. This project equals an investment of approximately € 600 million. Sourced and published by Henry Sapiecha 18th July 2009